Big Five and the Annual Migration
The vast majority of the Migration occurs in Tanzania's Serengeti and the short period that it moves into Kenya's Masai Mara coincides with peak safari season.. Experience the Great Migration, an amazing natural wonder where massive concentrations of wildebeest, zebras, and other annuals migrate to find greener pastures and fresh waterholes.
Tanzania is one of Africa's top safari destinations. Experience some of the best National parks and game viewing areas in Tanzania.
The Serengeti alone is 14,763 square kilometres in size
and one of the better known national parks in Africa
offering a wealth of wildlife viewing opportunities.
At the heart of this massive reserve is
the Central Serengeti, popular abundant
game, large numbers of big cats and
stunning landscapes. Likewise the Ngorongoro Crater is a breathtakingly beautiful setting
and the perfect spot to see the Big Five.
This conservation area also includes the Olduvai Gorge, nearly three million years old.
Then, there is the Tarangire National Park in Northern Tanzania, famous for its elephant migration and birding.
Apart from game drives, there are of other activities to enjoy
during your safari including sunrise hot air balloon rides, walking
safaris,
tours of Olduvai Gorge and Masai village cultural experiences.
Tanzania has so much to offer her visitors. She is home to
one of the 7 summits - Kilimanjaro, has several game parks teeming with animals
including Meru National Park, home
to Mt Meru, and Tanzania is
home to the annual migration of the wildebeest and has pristine
beach and dive areas on the coast line.
Note that it is not possible to get to
the Serengeti on a 3 day safari. You
need a minimum of 5. Add a safari tour
onto the end of your Kilimanjaro or
Mt Meru Climb and unwind as your
travel through the Serengeti. For any safari in Tanzania, you can
either chose from a few examples on our
site, or tailor your own tour. These
tours can be done either camping or in
lodges.
The Great Wildebeest Migration in Africa – also known as the Gnu Migration, Serengeti Migration and Masai Mara Migration. The annual migration of the animals, (wildebeest and zebra) takes place
each year between
June and October.
The flow of animals moves from a southerly to a northerly and
westerly direction as the herds head north towards the Mara River
in search of food. Between July and August each year, literally
millions of wildebeest, often aptly termed the clowns of the
African wildlife, head in their droves from the Serengeti in search of fresh grasslands further north towards the Maasai Mara in
Kenya.
Around November of each year, they turn and head back in a south
easterly direction towards Tanzania.
The flow of animals is entirely dependant on the weather and so the
patterns change from year to year.
Click here to see a rough idea of how
the animals move over the course of each year, by following the
movement of the arrows.
Lake Manyara National Park is one of Tanzania' s smaller parks. Its vegetation is diverse, ranging from savannah to marshes to evergreen forest. Created to protect its magnificent elephant herds, Manyara National Park is equally famous for the unusual behaviour of its tree-climbing lions as for the flocks of pink flamingos that inhabit the lake's shores. The reserve is considered to have the highest density of the olive baboon with troops of up to 200 members. The acacia dominated woodlands around Lake Manyara provide the perfect habitat for the Maasai giraffe.
The Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), measuring 8,300 square kilometres, is also the only place on earth where mankind and wild animals co-exist in harmony. Had it not become the world's sixth-largest unbroken caldera, then what is now known as the Ngorongoro crater could have been a towering volcanic mountain, as high as Kilimanjaro. There are 7,000 wildebeests, 4,000 zebras, 3,000 eland and 3,000 Grant's and Thomson's gazelles. The crater also has the densest known population of lions, numbering 62. Higher up, in the rainforests of the crater rim, are leopards, about 30 large elephants, mountain reedbuck and more than 4,000 buffalos, spotted hyenas, jackals, rare wild dogs, cheetahs, and other felines
Serengeti National Park is at the heart the larger Serengeti ecosystem, which is defined by the area covered by the annual migration. The vast plains of the Serengeti comprise 1.5 million ha of savannah. The annual migration to permanent water holes of vast herds of herbivores (wildebeest, gazelles and zebras), followed by their predators, is one of the most impressive natural events in the world. It is the migration for which Serengeti is perhaps most famous. Over a million wildebeest and about 200,000 zebras flow south from the northern hills to the southern plains for the short rains every October and November, and then swirl west and north after the long rains in April, May and June. So strong is the ancient instinct to move that no drought, gorge or crocodile infested river can hold them back.
The closest national park to Arusha town is Arusha National Park - a multi-faceted jewel, often overlooked by safari goers, despite offering the opportunity to explore a beguiling diversity of habitats within a few hours. The entrance gate leads into shadowy montane forest inhabited by inquisitive blue monkeys and colourful turacos and trogons - the only place on the northern safari circuit where the acrobatic black-and-white colobus monkey is easily seen. It is also home to Mount Meru - at 4,566 metres
At 5,895 m, Kilimanjaro is the highest point in Africa. This volcanic massif stands in splendid isolation above the surrounding plains, with its snowy peak looming over the savannah. The mountain is encircled by mountain forest. Numerous mammals, many of them endangered species, live in the park.
Tarangire National Park is the sixth largest national park in Tanzania,
it is located in Manyara Region. It is most famous for its elephant
migration, birding and authentic safari atmosphere. With it being
roughly ten times the size Lake Manyara NP, Tarangire is a
little gem on the Northern safari circuit not to be missed.
Day-1: Meet at Kilimanjaro International Airport and transfer to Hotel
Day-2: Lake Munyara
After breakfast, we drive away from Moshi to Lake Munyara. By comparison with Ngorongoro and Tarangire, Manyara is much smaller but no less scenic. It is situated between the escarpment formed by the rift valley and the soda water Lake Manyara. It is an ideal spot for bird lovers and home to large groups of elephant and the tree climbing lion. Large numbers of buffalo, grazing giraffe and wildebeest are found in the area along with the chattering monkeys and rummaging warthogs.
Day-3: Ngorongoro Crater
We drive to and tour the Ngorongoro. The Ngorongoro Crater is the world's largest intact caldera, forming an incredible bowl shape with sides of about 600m deep, and covering a distance of about 270km square. Various habitats form a complete microcosm within the crater floor, from grasslands to forest, swamps and Lake Makat. It is home to some 20 000 wild animals and although the animals move in and out of the area consistently, the vegetation in the crater floor provides an ongoing food supply attracting the gazers, and predators as well. We enjoy a lunch in the crater and later, proceed to the lodge to spend the evening.
Day-4: Tarangire
This morning we head to Tarangire National Park south of the Ngorongoro. It covers about 2600 sq km of floodplains, grassland and tall woodlands of acacia. It is home to the famous Baobab trees, hundreds of years old. During the drier winter months of July to September, a large number of migrant animals flock to the plains, which tend to be less concentrated with game in the months of April and May when there is more rain. Tarangire is known for its elephants as large numbers pour into the area around June, along with many buck species, wildebeest, and zebra. The area is rich in bird life as well as a few resident lion who tend to remain all year round. At the end of the day, interrupted only by watching game and taking in a picnic lunch, we drive back to Moshi
Day-5: Depart
Today you are transferred to Kilimanjaro airport for your flight home.
Day-1: Meet at Kilimanjaro International Airport and transfer to Hotel
Day-2: Lake Munyara
After breakfast, we drive away from Moshi to Lake Munyara. By comparison with Ngorongoro and Tarangire, Manyara is much smaller but no less scenic. It is situated between the escarpment formed by the rift valley and the soda water Lake Manyara. It is an ideal spot for bird lovers and home to large groups of elephant and the tree climbing lion. Large numbers of buffalo, grazing giraffe and wildebeest are found in the area along with the chattering monkeys and rummaging warthogs.
Day-3: Serengeti
After breakfast drive to and tour Serengeti. The areas is particularly famous for the massive migration of 1.5million Wildebeest, and several thousand Gazelle and Zebra all heading for greener pastures and improved grazing area's, risking life and limb to predators such as Lion and Crocodile. The National Park is broadly divided into three areas, the Seronera Valley and Seronera River, the Western Corridor and the Northern 'Lobo' area that extends northwards to join the Masai Mara.
Day-4: Serengeti
Tour of the Serengeti park and overnight at camp
Day-5: Ngorongoro Crater
We drive to the Ngorongoro Crater via Olduvai Gorge, one of the most important paleoanthropological sites in the world. Overnight Ngorongoro Crater
Day-5: Crater tour
This morning we will descend into and tour Ngorongoro Crater. The Ngorongoro Crater is the world's largest intact caldera, forming an incredible bowl shape with sides of about 600m deep, and covering a distance of about 270km square. Various habitats form a complete microcosm within the crater floor, from grasslands to forest, swamps and Lake Makat. It is home to some 20 000 wild animals and although the animals move in and out of the area consistently, the vegetation in the crater floor provides an ongoing food supply attracting the gazers, and predators as well. We enjoy a lunch in the crater and later, proceed back to Moshi. Overnight Hotel.
Day 7: Depart
Transfer to the airport for your flight home
Day-1: Meet at Kilimanjaro International Airport and transfer to Hotel
Day-2: Lake Munyara
After breakfast, we drive away from Moshi to Lake Munyara. By comparison with Ngorongoro and Tarangire, Manyara is much smaller but no less scenic. It is situated between the escarpment formed by the rift valley and the soda water Lake Manyara. It is an ideal spot for bird lovers and home to large groups of elephant and the tree climbing lion. Large numbers of buffalo, grazing giraffe and wildebeest are found in the area along with the chattering monkeys and rummaging warthogs.
Day-3: Serengeti
After breakfast drive to and tour Serengeti. The areas is particularly famous for the massive migration of 1.5million Wildebeest, and several thousand Gazelle and Zebra all heading for greener pastures and improved grazing area's, risking life and limb to predators such as Lion and Crocodile. The National Park is broadly divided into three areas, the Seronera Valley and Seronera River, the Western Corridor and the Northern 'Lobo' area that extends northwards to join the Masai Mara.
Day-4: Serengeti
Tour of the Serengeti park and overnight at camp
Day-5: Ngorongoro Crater
We drive to the Ngorongoro Crater via Olduvai Gorge, one of the most important paleoanthropological sites in the world. Overnight Ngorongoro Crater
Day-6: Crater tour
This morning we will descend into and tour Ngorongoro Crater. The Ngorongoro Crater is the world's largest intact caldera, forming an incredible bowl shape with sides of about 600m deep, and covering a distance of about 270km square. Various habitats form a complete microcosm within the crater floor, from grasslands to forest, swamps and Lake Makat. It is home to some 20 000 wild animals and although the animals move in and out of the area consistently, the vegetation in the crater floor provides an ongoing food supply attracting the gazers, and predators as well. We enjoy a lunch in the crater and later, proceed back Ngorongoro.
Day-7: Tarangire
This morning we head to Tarangire National Park south of the Ngorongoro. It covers about 2600 sq km of floodplains, grassland and tall woodlands of acacia. It is home to the famous Baobab trees, hundreds of years old. During the drier winter months of July to September, a large number of migrant animals flock to the plains, which tend to be less concentrated with game in the months of April and May when there is more rain. Tarangire is known for its elephants as large numbers pour into the area around June, along with many buck species, wildebeest, and zebra. The area is rich in bird life as well as a few resident lion who tend to remain all year round. At the end of the day, interrupted only by watching game and taking in a picnic lunch, we drive back to Moshi .
Day 8: Depart
Transfer to the airport for your flight home
Day-1: Meet at Kilimanjaro International Airport and transfer to Hotel
Day-2: Lake Munyara
After breakfast, we drive away from Moshi to Lake Munyara. By comparison with Ngorongoro and Tarangire, Manyara is much smaller but no less scenic. It is situated between the escarpment formed by the rift valley and the soda water Lake Manyara. It is an ideal spot for bird lovers and home to large groups of elephant and the tree climbing lion. Large numbers of buffalo, grazing giraffe and wildebeest are found in the area along with the chattering monkeys and rummaging warthogs.
Day-3: Serengeti
After breakfast drive to and tour Serengeti. The areas is particularly famous for the massive migration of 1.5million Wildebeest, and several thousand Gazelle and Zebra all heading for greener pastures and improved grazing area's, risking life and limb to predators such as Lion and Crocodile. The National Park is broadly divided into three areas, the Seronera Valley and Seronera River, the Western Corridor and the Northern 'Lobo' area that extends northwards to join the Masai Mara.
Day-4: Serengeti
Tour of the Serengeti park and overnight at camp
Day-5: Ngorongoro Crater
We drive to the Ngorongoro Crater via Olduvai Gorge, one of the most important paleoanthropological sites in the world. Overnight Ngorongoro Crater
Day-6: Crater tour
This morning we will descend into and tour Ngorongoro Crater. The Ngorongoro Crater is the world's largest intact caldera, forming an incredible bowl shape with sides of about 600m deep, and covering a distance of about 270km square. Various habitats form a complete microcosm within the crater floor, from grasslands to forest, swamps and Lake Makat. It is home to some 20 000 wild animals and although the animals move in and out of the area consistently, the vegetation in the crater floor provides an ongoing food supply attracting the gazers, and predators as well. We enjoy a lunch in the crater and later, proceed back Ngorongoro.
Day-7: Tarangire
This morning we head to Tarangire National Park south of the Ngorongoro. It covers about 2600 sq km of floodplains, grassland and tall woodlands of acacia. It is home to the famous Baobab trees, hundreds of years old. During the drier winter months of July to September, a large number of migrant animals flock to the plains, which tend to be less concentrated with game in the months of April and May when there is more rain. Tarangire is known for its elephants as large numbers pour into the area around June, along with many buck species, wildebeest, and zebra. The area is rich in bird life as well as a few resident lion who tend to remain all year round. At the end of the day, interrupted only by watching game and taking in a picnic lunch, we drive back to the lodge.
Day-8: Tarangire
This morning we tour through the Tarangire and then make our way back to Moshi.
Day-9: Depart Tanzania
End of services
The Great Migration is the largest herd movement of animals on the planet. The constant movement of 1.2 million wildebeest and 300,000 zebra along with topi and other
gazelle move in a constant cycle through the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem on an age-old route in search of grazing and water.
The circuit takes the animals from the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in the south of the Serengeti in Tanzania, up through the Serengeti and across into the Masai Mara in Kenya and back again. Predicting exactly when the great crossing of the animals across the Mara River is very difficult – nobody knows exactly when. It is generally believed that their journey is dictated primarily by
their response to the weather; they follow the rains and the growth of
new grass.
To navigate through the seasons, click the arrow on the right of the image
Around January each year, the migration will be finishing a southward trek, moving along the eastern edge of the Serengeti and into the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. Here the plains are rich in nutritious grass, providing the herds with the best conditions for raising their newborn calves. The best places to stay is Those interested in witnessing calving, is in the southern Serengeti and Ngorongoro
April sees the start of the long rains which run until around May. After bearing their young in February and March, around April the wildebeest herds begin to drift northwest toward the fresher grass of the central Serengeti, drawing with them thousands of zebra and smaller groups of antelope, and the herds generally start to move in a north-westerly direction towards the Moru and Simba Kopjes.
During June, the dry season starts with large concentrations of wildebeest in the Western Serengeti and on the southern banks of the Grumeti River. Here they will encounter their first of many river crossings. Some of the herds will have already split up into smaller groups.
August is generally considered the best time to witness the dramatic river crossings from the northern Serengeti into the Masai Mara. In years when the river is in full flow, the panic and confusion at the crossings — combined with crocodiles and surging currents — can cause massive loss of life. Some herds will remain in the Serengeti whilst others move to the Mara. In some years, so herds have crossed and then come back immediately.
October is still a good time to be in the Mara although it does tend to be quite busy with tourists. The neighbouring private conservancies are much less crowded. Most of the migrating columns have gradually moved eastward.
Between late October and November the short rains come and many wildebeest start to heard south to Serengeti past Namiri Plains. By this stage the grasses in the deep south of the Serengeti are lush with rain and fresh grass.
With their 3 000km journey (1900miles) over, the herds gather and prepare for the calving season once again, in a never ending cycle.